Residence permit is a document that gives the right for an alien to reside legally in the territory of the Russian Federation for a long period of time.
Application for residence permit can be made by a foreigner who possesses a permit for temporary residence, but not later than 6 months before its termination. Additionally, a foreigner is obliged to live on the territory of the Russian Federation on the basis of permit for temporary residence for at least 1 year.
There is no division for temporary and permanent residence permit in Russia. Residence permit in Russia is a document which gives the right to reside legally in its territory within 5 years with an unlimited number of extensions. It can be canceled for one reason or another.
Stateless persons can use it as an identity card.
Foreign national also required to pass the test on Russian language, history and basic laws of the Russian Federation in order to obtain residence permit.
The state program in the Russian Federation implies the voluntary relocation of foreigners and further residence on the territory of the Russian Federation. Participants of this program have the right for quota-free permit of stay; after that, a foreigner has the right to apply for a residence permit (for a period of 3 years), then apply for a citizenship of the Russian Federation.
Highly skilled specialists employed in the territory of the Russian Federation have the right to obtain a residence permit immediately (without issuing a permit of stay), but this residence permit will be valid only until the end of the contract signed with the employer. After the expiration of the contract, the residence permit is valid for another 1 month. If during this time the foreigner does not find another employer, he will be obliged to leave the territory of the Russian Federation.
Foreigners who are native Russian speakers have the right to apply for residence permit (without necessity for permit of stay), with subsequent application for a Russian citizenship acquiring under a simplified procedure.
To confirm the status of native speaker, the foreigner is obliged to contact the authorities of the Federal Migration Service. After that, a commission will be created with an aim of confirming the native speaker status. In case of positive decision, a foreigner has the right to apply for a residence permit.
In these case the residence permit is issued for 3-year period without possible extensions. In case a foreigner wishes to obtain the passport of a Russian citizen, he must apply for citizenship within 2 years from the date of issuing a residence permit. If this is not done, the residence permit will be canceled after the expiration date and the foreigner will be obliged to leave the territory of the Russian Federation.
Foreign national is obliged to renounce his homeland citizenship when obtaining a residence permit.
Foreign national whose life or health is threatened in homeland or who is targeted by political, religious or other reasons, can seek asylum in the Russian Federation. Asylum is granted to foreigners and their family members.
Documents for a residence permit are submitted to the local authorities of the Federal Migration Service at the place of residence. The term of consideration is from 2 to 6 months depending on the program.
Upon acquiring of residence permit a foreigner is entitled with all the same rights as Russian nationals have, except the right to vote and to be voted for and to hold a number of offices; In addition, a foreigner is required to stay in the territory of the Russian Federation for at least 6 months a year. Within 7 days from the residence permit acquiring a foreigner is obliged to register with a local body of the Federal migration service and annually confirm his status of legal residence in the territory of the Russian Federation.
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